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Oystein Kristoffer Tveit 2021-11-26 01:41:03 +01:00
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@ -40,12 +40,14 @@ men som er viktig for å forstå innholdet.
### Et par viktige personer ### Et par viktige personer
- Ada Lovelace: Verdens første programmør |||
- Herman Hollerith: Punchcards og matematikk |---|---|
- Konrad Zuse: Verdens første programmerbare datamaskin |Ada Lovelace | Verdens første programmør |
- John von Neumann: Diverse, Neumann-arkitektur |Herman Hollerith | Punchcards og matematikk |
- Alan Turing Matematisk grunnlag for datamaskin |Konrad Zuse | Verdens første programmerbare datamaskin |
- Douglas Engelbart Datamusen, mye interaksjondesign |John von Neumann | Diverse, Neumann-arkitektur |
|Alan Turing | Matematisk grunnlag for datamaskin |
|Douglas Engelbart | Datamusen, mye interaksjondesign |
--- ---
@ -61,15 +63,18 @@ men som er viktig for å forstå innholdet.
- Abstraksjon - Abstraksjon
- Transistorer - Transistorer
- IC - IC
- Hardware
- Software
</div> </div>
<div> <div>
- Hardware - Programvarelag
- Software
- Protokoll - Protokoll
- WWW/Internet - WWW/Internet
- High level/Low level - High level/Low level
- Assembly
- Kompilering
- bit - bit
</div> </div>
@ -127,6 +132,12 @@ def put_hand_on_handle():
</div> </div>
</div> </div>
Note:
Vacuum-tube
Produseres med doping av halvledere
---- ----
<div class="columns"> <div class="columns">
@ -145,6 +156,10 @@ def put_hand_on_handle():
</div> </div>
</div> </div>
Note:
Printes med fotolitografi
---- ----
### Et par begreper: ### Et par begreper:
@ -157,15 +172,18 @@ def put_hand_on_handle():
- Abstraksjon - Abstraksjon
- Transistorer - Transistorer
- IC - IC
- Hardware
- Software
</div> </div>
<div> <div>
- Hardware - Programvarelag
- Software
- Protokoll - Protokoll
- WWW/Internet - WWW/Internet
- High level/Low level - High level/Low level
- Assembly
- Kompilering
- bit - bit
</div> </div>
@ -200,15 +218,18 @@ def put_hand_on_handle():
- Abstraksjon - Abstraksjon
- Transistorer - Transistorer
- IC - IC
- Hardware
- Software
</div> </div>
<div> <div>
- Hardware - Programvarelag
- Software
- Protokoll - Protokoll
- WWW/Internet - WWW/Internet
- High level/Low level - High level/Low level
- Assembly
- Kompilering
- bit - bit
</div> </div>
@ -444,6 +465,10 @@ Algoritme:
- ta resten av bitsene, og konverter til desimal - ta resten av bitsene, og konverter til desimal
- regn ut offsett - regn ut offsett
----
--- ---
### Flyttall - IEEE 754 ### Flyttall - IEEE 754
@ -473,8 +498,6 @@ Ikke veldig viktig, men kan være oppklarende.
# Hardware # Hardware
<!-- TODO: add toc -->
- Hovedkort - Hovedkort
- CPU - CPU
- Minne - Minne
@ -606,6 +629,7 @@ Kjører en instruksjon for hver klokkesykel, men gjør flere steg samtidig. Verd
- Volatile - Volatile
- Random Access - Random Access
- RAM
<img src="./static/graphics/ram.png" width=80% /> <img src="./static/graphics/ram.png" width=80% />
@ -615,6 +639,8 @@ Kjører en instruksjon for hver klokkesykel, men gjør flere steg samtidig. Verd
- Nonvolatile - Nonvolatile
- Sequential Access? - Sequential Access?
- HDD
- SSD
<img src="./static/graphics/storage_combined.svg" width=60% /> <img src="./static/graphics/storage_combined.svg" width=60% />
@ -634,6 +660,10 @@ ikke volatilt - holder på data uten strøm
SSD - Nesten random access, ligner på ram, men er ikke volatil SSD - Nesten random access, ligner på ram, men er ikke volatil
CD, DVD, Ekstern harddisk, USB, osv. CD, DVD, Ekstern harddisk, USB, osv.
----
<img src="./static/graphics/memory-hierarchy.svg" width=60% />
--- ---
### Datamaskin ### Datamaskin
@ -769,7 +799,9 @@ Regn ut 1920x1080 x 24 bits
Note: Note:
tegn en bølge på tavlen, og vis frekvensen Tegn en bølge på tavlen, og vis frekvensen
Samples
--- ---
@ -911,7 +943,7 @@ brukes mer om dere skal programmere mye
---- ----
Sorteringsalgortimer: Sorteringsalgoritmer:
- Bubble sort: \\(\mathcal{O}(n^2)\\) - Bubble sort: \\(\mathcal{O}(n^2)\\)
- Merge sort : \\(\mathcal{O}(n\ log\ n)\\) - Merge sort : \\(\mathcal{O}(n\ log\ n)\\)
@ -1067,37 +1099,61 @@ Applikasjonsspesifikk data.
--- ---
### MAC-Addresse <div class="net-title">
<img src="./static/graphics/network-layers/2/title.svg">
<h3>MAC-Addresse</h3>
</div>
`B6-4B-8F-B4-05-E5` `B6-4B-8F-B4-05-E5`
<!-- TODO: Fix --> ---
<img class="right-corner-logo" src="./static/graphics/network-layers/2/title.svg">
<div class="net-title">
<img src="./static/graphics/network-layers/2/title.svg">
<h3>Error codes</h3>
</div>
--- ---
# IP <div class="net-title">
<img src="./static/graphics/network-layers/3/title.svg">
<h3>IP</h3>
</div>
<div class="columns">
<div>
### IPv4 ### IPv4
`ddd.ddd.ddd.ddd` - 32-bit
`(bbbbbbbb.bbbbbbbb.bbbbbbbb.bbbbbbbb)` - 183.255.10.193
- ddd.ddd.ddd.ddd
- ddd = bbbbbbbb
</div>
<div>
### IPv6 ### IPv6
`xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx` - 128-bit
xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx
</div>
</div>
Note: Note:
Navn på pcene Navn på pcene
---- ----
### Submaske <div class="net-title">
<img src="./static/graphics/network-layers/3/title.svg">
<h3>Subnet-maske</h3>
</div>
`255.255.255.128` `255.255.255.128`
@ -1111,7 +1167,36 @@ Den siste er ikke veldig nyttig, men om man skal sette opp ruter
---- ----
NAT <div class="net-title">
<img src="./static/graphics/network-layers/4/title.svg">
<h3>Port</h3>
</div>
`1-65535` (\\(2^{16}-1\\))
Note:
Standard porter -> HTTPS, HTTP
Port scanning
----
<div class="net-title">
<img src="./static/graphics/network-layers/3/title.svg">
<img src="./static/graphics/network-layers/4/title.svg">
<h3>NAT</h3>
</div>
<img src="./static/graphics/NAT.svg" width=50%/>
Note:
Ikke egentlig nødvendig med IPv6
Sikkerhets
Brannmur
--- ---
@ -1119,37 +1204,158 @@ NAT
NTNU: <a href="https://129.241.160.102/">129.241.160.102</a> NTNU: <a href="https://129.241.160.102/">129.241.160.102</a>
Note:
DNS-server hos ISP
Vanlig feil å få
--- ---
TCP <div class="net-title">
<img src="./static/graphics/network-layers/4/title.svg">
<h3>TCP</h3>
</div>
- Three way handshake
- Kvitteringer
- Kryptering
- Flow control
- Congestion control
Note:
De siste er ikke viktig å vite hvordan funker
---- ----
UDP <div class="net-title">
<img src="./static/graphics/network-layers/4/title.svg">
<h3>UDP</h3>
</div>
<img src="./static/graphics/pump.png" width=35%/>
Note:
Bryr seg ikke om mottaker har fått pakken
Bryr seg ikke nettverksfart
--- ---
VPN ### LAN og WAN
<img src="./static/graphics/NAT.svg" width=50%/>
Note:
Nå kommer mye forskjellig. Ikke i rekkefølge.
---
### VPN
<div class="r-stack">
<img src="./static/graphics/Proxy.svg" class="fragment fade-out" data-fragment-index="0" width=50%/>
<img src="./static/graphics/VPN.svg" class="fragment current-visible" data-fragment-index="0" width=40%/>
</div>
Note:
Proxy-server
Arbeids-VPN, NTNU-VPN
Forandret IP -> Netflix
---
### Circuit switching
<div class="r-stack">
<img src="./static/graphics/network-switching.svg" class="fragment fade-out" data-fragment-index="0" width=80%/>
<img src="./static/graphics/circuit-network-switching1.svg" class="fragment current-visible" data-fragment-index="0" width=80%/>
<img src="./static/graphics/circuit-network-switching2.svg" class="fragment current-visible" data-fragment-index="1" width=80%/>
<img src="./static/graphics/circuit-network-switching3.svg" class="fragment current-visible" data-fragment-index="2" width=80%/>
</div>
----
### Packet switching
<img src="./static/graphics/network-switching.svg" width=80%/>
---
### Topologier
<img src="./static/graphics/network-topologies.svg" width=50%/>
---
### Network Performance
- Delay
- Jitter
- Quality of Service
---
### Sikkerhet
----
### Hashing
- Enveis prosess
- Produserer tilfeldiglignende tekst
- Mange forskjellige algoritmer
F.eks:
\\[ \text{"Test"} \xrightarrow{\text{SHA1}} \text{640ab2bae07bedc4c163f679a746f7ab7fb5d1fa} \\]
Note:
Nyttig for filer
Nyttig for passord-lagring
Mulighet for lik hash, men sjelden
Referer tilbake til error codes
CRC, Checksum -> Irreversibel, men dårlig hash
----
----
### Kryptering
- Symmetric key encryption
- Private/Public key encryption
- Digital signatur
Note:
Referer tilbake til TCP
---
### Forskjellige typer angrep
- Replay
- Buffer overflow
- Wiretapping
- DDNS
---
### Trender
--- ---
# Programvareutvikling # Programvareutvikling
--- ---
Note: # Lykke til!
Note:
Løs tidligere eksamener Løs tidligere eksamener
Crash course Crash course

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@ -10,3 +10,6 @@ https://www.righto.com/2015/12/
https://www.pngall.com/cpu-png/download/86141 https://www.pngall.com/cpu-png/download/86141
https://hackaday.com/2019/05/09/cpu-made-from-74hc-chips-is-a-glorious-mess/ https://hackaday.com/2019/05/09/cpu-made-from-74hc-chips-is-a-glorious-mess/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithm#/media/File:Euclid_flowchart.svg https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithm#/media/File:Euclid_flowchart.svg
https://www.crompton.co.in/product/consumer-pumps/agricultural-pumps/centrifugal-monoset-agricultural-pumps/centrifugal-monoset-pumps/
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/97/NetworkTopologies.svg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0c/ComputerMemoryHierarchy.svg

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@ -146,13 +146,15 @@
opacity: 0.5; opacity: 0.5;
} }
/* TODO: fix at Mac address */ .net-title {
.right-corner-logo { display: flex;
position: absolute; justify-content: center;
margin: 0px; align-items: center;
padding: 0px; }
bottom: ;
left: 10px; .net-title > h3 {
display: inline;
padding: 1em;
} }
/* Misc */ /* Misc */