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<span>「世界の人口 二極化」報告書 “個人の選択尊重の政策が重要”</span>
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<time datetime="2023-04-19T13:33:45">2023年4月19日 13時33分</time>
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<p class="content--summary" style="">世界の人口が80億人に達したことについて、UNFPA国連人口基金は報告書を発表し、世界では人口が増えていく地域と減っていく地域の二極化が進んでいると分析しています。そのうえで、出生率に数値目標を設けるような政策は、女性の権利を損なうおそれがあるとして、個人の選択を尊重する政策を進めることが重要だと強調しています。</p>
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<p class="content--summary-more" style="">国連が去年11月、世界人口が80億人に達したと発表したことについて、UNFPAは19日に報告書を発表しました。<br /><br />報告書は、<br />▽インドやエジプトなど、8か国では人口が急増し、2050年までに予想される世界人口の増加の半分を占める一方で、<br />▽欧米や日本など、世界の3分の2の人が暮らす地域では出生率が低いとして、人口が増えていく地域と減っていく地域の二極化が進んでいると分析しています。<br /><br />そして、多くの国で、自国の人口をめぐる懸念から出生率を下げるためや、上げるための政策がとられているとしています。</p>
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<div class="body-text">そのうえで報告書は、<br />▽出生率に数値目標を定めるような政策は長期的な効果が小さく、女性の権利が損なわれることが歴史上も明らかになっているほか、<br />▽子どもを産んだ女性や家族に金銭的な報酬を与えるような政策も、十分な効果を上げていないと指摘しています。<br /><br />さらに、報告書は、多くの国の女性が経済的な事情や、職場や家庭での性差別を背景に、希望する人数の子どもを持てない状況にあるとして、むしろ、女性の自己決定権など個人の選択を尊重する政策を重視すべきだとしています。</div>
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<div class="body-text">UNFPAのカネム事務局長は「人口が多すぎるか少なすぎるかを論じるのではなく、基本的人権が守られているか、子どもを持つか持たないか、持つなら、いつ何人持つかという個人の希望をかなえていくことが重要だ」と話しています。</div>
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