diff --git a/main.md b/main.md index b9ea5a6..95c0f2f 100644 --- a/main.md +++ b/main.md @@ -19,6 +19,10 @@ selv-introduksjon Angående forelesningen +Planen min er å gå over alle temaene nevnt i pensum. +Kommer til å nevne en del biter som ikke nødvendigvis er viktig for pensum, +men som er viktig for å forstå innholdet + --- ## Generelt @@ -29,18 +33,20 @@ Kort Historie --- -Folk som er viktige +### Folk som er viktige -Von Neumann + + +- Von Neumann --- -### Begreper: +### Et par begreper:
-
+
- PC - Operativsystem @@ -49,7 +55,7 @@ Von Neumann - IC
-
+
- Hardware - Software @@ -66,14 +72,23 @@ Operativsystem -> Ressursallokering -> Kernel -> Grafisk brukergrensesnitt ---- - + - - PC +
+
+ +- PC + +
+
+ +
+
+ +---- --- -- bit -
@@ -123,7 +138,9 @@ Objekter --- -Tallsystemer +### Tallsystemer + +Note: Forventet å kunne octal, binær, heksadesimal @@ -135,7 +152,6 @@ hexadesimal i 4 binær chunks om gangen octal i 3 binær chunks om gangen revers -Note: lurt å trene på brukt ca. 20 min @@ -146,7 +162,7 @@ brukt ca. 20 min --- -Negative tall +### Negative tall Signed magnitude @@ -170,7 +186,18 @@ Algoritme: --- -Flyttall +### Flyttall + +``` +>>> 0.1 + 0.2 +0.30000000000000004 +``` + + + +\\[ (+,\ \ 4,\ \ 1949284) = +1.949284 \cdot 10^4 = 19492.84 \\] + +Note: Matematisk tilnærming @@ -178,12 +205,24 @@ Signed bit, exponent - 2^?, signifikant? består av 3 biter, kan gi rare utregninger iblant +Opphøyd i 10, men i virkeligheten opphøyd i 2 + +Ikke veldig viktig, men kan være oppklarende. + --- # Hardware + + +- Datamaskin + +--- + # Datamaskin +Note: + Består av mange forskjellige biter. datamaskin er bare et begrep vi bruker. Kan gå galt på veldig mange lag i prosessen. @@ -192,26 +231,35 @@ Moores law, antall transistorer i en IC dobles hver 2. år. --- ## Hovedkort (Motherboard) -Limet som fester alle de andre bitene sammen. -Inneholder litt logikk for konfigurasjon av alle bitene, men lite ellers. -https://toppng.com/show_download/226517/motherboard-png-photos-intel-server-board-s7200a/large +Note: + +Limet som fester alle de andre bitene sammen. +Inneholder litt logikk for konfigurasjon av alle bitene, men lite ellers. --- ## CPU + + + + +Note: + Viktigste biten. Gjør alle beregningene. Består av 3 biter, kontrollenhet, minneenhet, ALU Kjører raskt, gHz Har et visst sett med ting den kan gjøre, kalt et instruksjonssett. Setter du disse på rad, så har du et program. ---- +---- -# Fetch Decode Execute Cycle (De 5 stegene) +### Fetch Decode Execute Cycle (De 5 stegene) + +Note: *5 steg* hver gang den skal kjøre en instruksjon PC - program counter @@ -222,7 +270,28 @@ Kjører en instruksjon for hver klokkesykel, men gjør flere steg samtidig. Verd ## Minne -Primær, sekundær-minne +
+
+

Primary

+ +- Volatile +- Random Access + + + +
+
+

Secondary

+ +- Nonvolatile +- Sequential Access? + + + +
+
+ +Note: Primær - RAM tilfeldig access - kan nå hvor som helst øyeblikkelig @@ -235,31 +304,50 @@ ikke volatilt - holder på data uten strøm SSD - Nesten random access, ligner på ram, men er ikke volatil CD, DVD, Ekstern harddisk, USB, osv. -> https://www.pngall.com/ram-png/download/48267 - -> https://pixabay.com/vectors/hdd-hard-disk-drive-disk-hard-disk-154463/ -> https://pixabay.com/vectors/dvd-cd-rom-compact-disc-cd-digital-152917/ -> https://pixabay.com/vectors/usb-disk-disc-storage-technology-47552/ - --- # Digital Representasjon -Analog vs Digital +--- + +## Analog/Digital + + + +
+
+ + + +
+
+ +- ADC - inn på computeren +- DAC - ut fra computeren + +
+
+ +Note: Analog kan du måle bortimot så nøyaktig du vil Digital har et visst sett med 0 og 1 -(bilde av lydbølge) - -ADC - inn på computeren -DAC - ut fra computeren - -Note: Skal gå inn på diverse måter å representere ting digitalt på --- -# Piksler +## Piksler + +
+
+ +
+
+ +
+
+ +Note: Piksler er en måte å representere bilder En piksel er en liten bit av bildet, med en farge. @@ -269,24 +357,30 @@ Pleier ofte å være RGB ---- -## RGB - -Hver verdi er mellom 0 og 255 - -Kan derfor representeres som et hexadecimal med 6 tegn - -
-
+

+ R

G
B
+ + + -| Farge | Rød | Grønn | Blå | +Hver verdi er mellom 0 og 255 + +Kan derfor representeres som et hexadecimal med 6 tegn + +
+
+ +| Farge | Rød | Grønn | Blå | |--------------------------------------|---------------|---------------|---------------| | #283681 | 28\\(_{16}\\) | 36\\(_{16}\\) | 81\\(_{16}\\) | | #FF0000 | FF\\(_{16}\\) | 00\\(_{16}\\) | 00\\(_{16}\\) | @@ -296,15 +390,15 @@ Kan derfor representeres som et hexadecimal med 6 tegn
-
+
-| Farge | Rød | Grønn | Blå | +| Farge | Rød | Grønn | Blå | |--------------------------------------|----------------|----------------|----------------| | #283681 | \\(40_{10}\\) | \\(54_{10}\\) | \\(129_{10}\\) | | #FF0000 | \\(255_{10}\\) | \\(0_{10}\\) | \\(0_{10}\\) | | #C0FFEE | \\(192_{10}\\) | \\(255_{10}\\) | \\(238_{10}\\) | | #FFFFFF | \\(255_{10}\\) | \\(255_{10}\\) | \\(255_{10}\\) | -| #000000 | \\(0 _{10}\\) | \\(0_{10}\\) | \\(0_{10}\\) | +| #000000 | \\(0_{10}\\) | \\(0_{10}\\) | \\(0_{10}\\) |
@@ -319,7 +413,99 @@ Regn ut 1920x1080 x 24 bits --- +## Lyd + +
+
+ + + +
+
+ +- Bør være dobbelt så ofte som høyeste frekvensen +- Bitdybde (16 bit er standard) + +
+
+ +\\[ 16\ bits \cdot 44100\ Hz \cdot (3 \cdot 60)s \cdot 2\ kanaler \\] + +--- + +## Encoding og Komprimering + + - + - + - Lossless vs lossy + +Note: + + Alt er 1 og 0, men det kan tolkes på forskjellige måter. + + Grunnen til at de ofte diskuteres sammen + +---- + +### Eksempel på komprimering + +\\[ AAAAAAABBBBAAAAABB \\] + +\\[ A6B4A5B2 \\] + +---- + +### Eksempel på lossy komprimering + +Dette er en eksempelsetning. + +Dte e en eksmplstnig + +Note: +ikke vanlig for tekst, men akseptabelt for video/lyd/bilde + +--- # Algoritmer + + + + +---- + +--- + +## Kompleksitet + +--- + # Nettverk + +--- + +## Internett + +- Hva er det + +---- + +### Historie + + +--- + + # Programvareutvikling + + + + + + + + + + + + + diff --git a/sources b/sources deleted file mode 100644 index 41261b4..0000000 --- a/sources +++ /dev/null @@ -1,7 +0,0 @@ - -https://www.pngall.com/ram-png/download/48267 - -https://pixabay.com/vectors/hdd-hard-disk-drive-disk-hard-disk-154463/ -https://pixabay.com/vectors/dvd-cd-rom-compact-disc-cd-digital-152917/ -https://pixabay.com/vectors/usb-disk-disc-storage-technology-47552/ -https://pixabay.com/vectors/integrated-circuit-chip-electronics-33952/ diff --git a/sources.txt b/sources.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a5dd272 --- /dev/null +++ b/sources.txt @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +https://www.pngall.com/ram-png/download/48267 +https://pixabay.com/vectors/hdd-hard-disk-drive-disk-hard-disk-154463/ +https://pixabay.com/vectors/dvd-cd-rom-compact-disc-cd-digital-152917/ +https://pixabay.com/vectors/usb-disk-disc-storage-technology-47552/ +https://pixabay.com/no/photos/kanon-eos-ef-s-17-85-er-linse-1891685/ +https://toppng.com/show_download/226517/motherboard-png-photos-intel-server-board-s7200a/large +https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Subpixel_rendering_LCD_photo_3e_composite.jpg +https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:4-bit-linear-PCM.svg +https://www.righto.com/2015/12/ +https://www.pngall.com/cpu-png/download/86141 diff --git a/static/graphics/cpu.png b/static/graphics/cpu.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5d2d873 Binary files /dev/null and b/static/graphics/cpu.png differ diff --git a/static/graphics/e.jpg b/static/graphics/e.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a055485 Binary files /dev/null and b/static/graphics/e.jpg differ diff --git a/static/graphics/floating-point-structure.svg b/static/graphics/floating-point-structure.svg index bde67d9..2158d67 100644 --- a/static/graphics/floating-point-structure.svg +++ b/static/graphics/floating-point-structure.svg @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -
Exponent
Exponent
Mantissa
Mantissa
Sign
Sign
1 bit
1 bit
8 bits
8 bits
23 bits
23 bits
32 bits
32 bitsViewer does not support full SVG 1.1 \ No newline at end of file +
Exponent
Exponent
Mantissa
Mantissa
Sign
Sign
1 bit
1 bit
8 bits
8 bits
23 bits
23 bits
32 bits
32 bitsViewer does not support full SVG 1.1 \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/static/graphics/ic.png b/static/graphics/ic.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..dc3171c Binary files /dev/null and b/static/graphics/ic.png differ diff --git a/static/graphics/internet.svg b/static/graphics/internet.svg new file mode 100644 index 0000000..1b6e9be --- /dev/null +++ b/static/graphics/internet.svg @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/static/graphics/processor.gif b/static/graphics/processor.gif new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6acb3ee Binary files /dev/null and b/static/graphics/processor.gif differ diff --git a/static/graphics/sound-points-white.svg b/static/graphics/sound-points-white.svg new file mode 100644 index 0000000..fed0ba6 --- /dev/null +++ b/static/graphics/sound-points-white.svg @@ -0,0 +1,955 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Gnuplot + Produced by GNUPLOT 4.6 patchlevel 3 + + + + + + + + + –8 + + + + + + + + –7 + + + + + + + + –6 + + + + + + + + –5 + + + + + + + + –4 + + + + + + + + –3 + + + + + + + + –2 + + + + + + + + –1 + + + + + + + + + 0 + + + + + + + + 1 + + + + + + + + 2 + + + + + + + + 3 + + + + + + + + 4 + + + + + + + + 5 + + + + + + + + 6 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + 7 + + + + gnuplot_plot_1 + + + + + + + + + gnuplot_plot_3 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Gnuplot + + + + diff --git a/static/graphics/sources/4-bit-linear-PCM.svg b/static/graphics/sources/4-bit-linear-PCM.svg new file mode 100644 index 0000000..985c3fd --- /dev/null +++ b/static/graphics/sources/4-bit-linear-PCM.svg @@ -0,0 +1,276 @@ + + + + +Gnuplot +Produced by GNUPLOT 4.6 patchlevel 3 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + –8 + + + + + + + + + + + –7 + + + + + + + + + + + –6 + + + + + + + + + + + –5 + + + + + + + + + + + –4 + + + + + + + + + + + –3 + + + + + + + + + + + –2 + + + + + + + + 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b/static/graphics/subpixel.svg new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6393769 --- /dev/null +++ b/static/graphics/subpixel.svg @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/static/main.css b/static/main.css index 3cc64c1..3174da7 100644 --- a/static/main.css +++ b/static/main.css @@ -18,5 +18,6 @@ .replacable-fragment > div { position:absolute; top:0; - left:0; + /* TODO: fix this properly */ + left:25%; }