itgk-kurs-2021/main.md

976 lines
18 KiB
Markdown
Raw Normal View History

2021-11-15 14:01:58 +01:00
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./static/main.css"/>
<!-- .slide: data-background-color="#283681" -->
# ITGK Teori-kurs
2021-11-22 00:12:51 +01:00
<img src="./static/graphics/PVV-logo-blue.svg" width=30%/>
2021-11-15 14:01:58 +01:00
Note: Introduksjon
---
## <span class="red">⏺ **OBS:** Opptak</span>
Note:
PVV sin youtube-kanal
selv-introduksjon
Angående forelesningen
2021-11-18 14:06:30 +01:00
Planen min er å gå over de fleste temaene nevnt i pensum.
Skape "Aha!"-momenter
2021-11-15 22:01:28 +01:00
Kommer til å nevne en del biter som ikke nødvendigvis er viktig for pensum,
2021-11-18 14:06:30 +01:00
men som er viktig for å forstå innholdet.
2021-11-15 22:01:28 +01:00
2021-11-15 14:01:58 +01:00
---
## Generelt
Hva er IT
Kort Historie
---
2021-11-15 22:01:28 +01:00
### Folk som er viktige
<!-- TODO: Add people and pictures -->
2021-11-15 14:01:58 +01:00
2021-11-15 22:01:28 +01:00
- Von Neumann
2021-11-15 14:01:58 +01:00
---
<!-- .slide: data-auto-animate -->
2021-11-15 22:01:28 +01:00
### Et par begreper:
2021-11-15 14:01:58 +01:00
<div class="columns">
2021-11-15 22:01:28 +01:00
<div>
2021-11-15 14:01:58 +01:00
2021-11-15 18:26:51 +01:00
- PC <!-- .element: data-id="pc" -->
- Operativsystem
- Abstraksjon
2021-11-15 14:01:58 +01:00
- Transistorer
- IC
</div>
2021-11-15 22:01:28 +01:00
<div>
2021-11-15 14:01:58 +01:00
2021-11-15 18:26:51 +01:00
- Hardware
- Software
2021-11-15 14:01:58 +01:00
- Kernel
2021-11-18 14:06:30 +01:00
- Protokoll
2021-11-15 14:01:58 +01:00
- WWW/Internet
- High level/Low level
2021-11-15 18:26:51 +01:00
- bit
2021-11-15 14:01:58 +01:00
</div>
</div>
Note:
Operativsystem -> Ressursallokering -> Kernel -> Grafisk brukergrensesnitt
2021-11-18 14:06:30 +01:00
Forklar hvordan en transistor funker
2021-11-15 14:01:58 +01:00
----
2021-11-15 22:01:28 +01:00
<!-- .slide: data-auto-animate data-transition="zoom-in" -->
<div class="columns">
<div>
2021-11-15 18:26:51 +01:00
2021-11-15 22:01:28 +01:00
- PC <!-- .element: data-id="pc" -->
2021-11-15 18:26:51 +01:00
2021-11-15 22:01:28 +01:00
</div>
<div>
</div>
</div>
2021-11-15 14:01:58 +01:00
2021-11-15 22:01:28 +01:00
----
---
2021-11-15 14:01:58 +01:00
<div class="columns">
<div class="column">
| Enhet | Størrelse |
|------------|-------------------|
| byte | 8 bits |
2021-11-22 00:12:51 +01:00
| kilobyte | \\(10^3=1000\\) bytes |
2021-11-15 14:01:58 +01:00
| megabyte | \\(10^6\\) bytes |
| gigabyte | \\(10^9\\) bytes |
| terabyte | \\(10^{12}\\) |
| petabyte | \\(10^{15}\\) |
2021-11-22 00:12:51 +01:00
| exabyte | \\(10^{18}\\) |
2021-11-15 14:01:58 +01:00
</div>
2021-11-22 00:12:51 +01:00
<div class="column fragment">
2021-11-15 14:01:58 +01:00
| Enhet | Størrelse |
|------------|-------------------|
| byte | 8 bits |
2021-11-22 00:12:51 +01:00
| kibibyte | \\(2^{10} = 1024\\) bytes |
| mebibyte | \\(2^{20}\\) bytes |
| gibibyte | \\(2^{30}\\) bytes |
| tebibyte | \\(2^{40}\\) |
| pebibyte | \\(2^{50}\\) |
| exbibyte | \\(2^{60}\\) |
2021-11-15 14:01:58 +01:00
</div>
</div>
---
### Datatyper
- Integer
- Character
- Float
- Array
- String
Note:
char -> ASCII 7b, Extended ASCII 8b, UTF-8
Finnes flere, men disse
Objekter
2021-11-18 14:06:30 +01:00
----
### ASCII, UNICODE, UTF-8
2021-11-15 14:01:58 +01:00
---
2021-11-22 00:12:51 +01:00
<!-- .slide: center=false -->
2021-11-15 22:01:28 +01:00
### Tallsystemer
2021-11-22 00:12:51 +01:00
<div class="num-systems">
<div class="fragment" data-fragment-index="0">
<span class="num-system-title">10:</span>
<span class="num-span-red">
<span>0</span>,
<span>1</span>,
<span>2</span>,
<span>3</span>,
<span>4</span>,
<span>5</span>,
<span>6</span>,
<span>7</span>,
<span>8</span>,
<span>9</span>,
</span>
<span class="num-span-blue">
<span>10</span>,
<span>11</span>,
<span>12</span>, ...,
<span>19</span>,
<span>20</span>,
<span>21</span>, ...,
<span>99</span>,
</span>
<span class="num-span-green">
<span>100</span>,
<span>101</span>, ...
</span>
</div>
<div class="fragment" data-fragment-index="1">
<span class="num-system-title">2:</span>
<span class="num-span-red">
<span>0</span>,
<span>1</span>,
</span>
<span class="num-span-blue">
<span>10</span>,
<span>11</span>,
</span>
<span class="num-span-green">
<span>100</span>,
<span>101</span>,
<span>110</span>,
<span>111</span>,
</span>
<span class="num-span-orange">
<span>1000</span>,
<span>1001</span>,
<span>1010</span>,
<span>1011</span>, ...
</span>
</div>
<div class="fragment" data-fragment-index="2">
<span class="num-system-title">16:</span>
<span class="num-span-red">
<span>0</span>,
<span>1</span>,
<span>2</span>,
<span>3</span>,
<span>4</span>,
<span>5</span>,
<span>6</span>,
<span>7</span>,
<span>8</span>,
<span>9</span>,
<span>A</span>,
<span>B</span>,
<span>C</span>,
<span>D</span>,
<span>E</span>,
<span>F</span>,
</span>
<span class="num-span-blue">
<span>10</span>,
<span>11</span>,
<span>12</span>, ...,
<span>1E</span>,
<span>1F</span>,
<span>20</span>, ...,
<span>FE</span>,
<span>FF</span>,
</span>
<span class="num-span-green">
<span>100</span>, ...
</span>
</div>
<div class="fragment" data-fragment-index="3">
<span class="num-system-title">8:</span>
<span class="num-span-red">
<span>0</span>,
<span>1</span>,
<span>2</span>,
<span>3</span>,
<span>4</span>,
<span>5</span>,
<span>6</span>,
<span>7</span>,
</span>
<span class="num-span-blue">
<span>10</span>,
<span>11</span>,
<span>12</span>, ...,
<span>76</span>,
<span>77</span>,
</span>
<span class="num-span-green">
<span>100</span>, ...
</span>
</div>
</div>
2021-11-15 22:01:28 +01:00
Note:
2021-11-15 14:01:58 +01:00
Forventet å kunne octal, binær, heksadesimal
går tom for siffer
delbarhet
hexadesimal i 4 binær chunks om gangen
octal i 3 binær chunks om gangen
revers
lurt å trene på
brukt ca. 20 min
2021-11-22 00:12:51 +01:00
----
2021-11-15 14:01:58 +01:00
2021-11-22 00:12:51 +01:00
### Eksempel: 1110010111011011
<!-- TODO: Add labels to conversion fields (8 and 16) -->
<img src="./static/graphics/digit-conversion.svg" width="70%"/>
2021-11-15 14:01:58 +01:00
---
2021-11-15 22:01:28 +01:00
### Negative tall
2021-11-15 14:01:58 +01:00
2021-11-22 00:12:51 +01:00
- Signed magnitude
- Two's compliment
Note:
2021-11-15 14:01:58 +01:00
Signed magnitude
bruker første biten
0000 = 1000
kaster bort en plass
Løsning: Twos complement:
0001 = 1
0000 = 0
1111 = -1
1000 = MIN_INT
Algoritme:
- finn ut hva minste negative tall er
- ta resten av bitsene, og konverter til desimal
- regn ut offsett
---
2021-11-18 14:06:30 +01:00
### Flyttall - IEEE 754
2021-11-15 22:01:28 +01:00
```
>>> 0.1 + 0.2
0.30000000000000004
```
<img src="./static/graphics/floating-point-structure.svg" width=80%/> <!-- .element: class="fragment" data-fragment-index="1" -->
\\[ (+,\ \ 4,\ \ 1949284) = +1.949284 \cdot 10^4 = 19492.84 \\] <!-- .element: class="fragment" data-fragment-index="2" -->
Note:
2021-11-15 14:01:58 +01:00
Matematisk tilnærming
Signed bit, exponent - 2^?, signifikant?
består av 3 biter, kan gi rare utregninger iblant
2021-11-15 22:01:28 +01:00
Opphøyd i 10, men i virkeligheten opphøyd i 2
Ikke veldig viktig, men kan være oppklarende.
2021-11-15 14:01:58 +01:00
---
# Hardware
2021-11-15 22:01:28 +01:00
<!-- TODO: add toc -->
2021-11-22 00:12:51 +01:00
- Hovedkort
- CPU
- Minne
2021-11-15 22:01:28 +01:00
---
2021-11-15 14:01:58 +01:00
# Datamaskin
2021-11-15 22:01:28 +01:00
Note:
2021-11-15 14:01:58 +01:00
Består av mange forskjellige biter.
datamaskin er bare et begrep vi bruker.
Kan gå galt på veldig mange lag i prosessen.
Moores law, antall transistorer i en IC dobles hver 2. år.
---
## Hovedkort (Motherboard)
<img src="./static/graphics/motherboard2.png" width="50%"/>
2021-11-15 22:01:28 +01:00
Note:
Limet som fester alle de andre bitene sammen.
Inneholder litt logikk for konfigurasjon av alle bitene, men lite ellers.
2021-11-15 14:01:58 +01:00
---
## CPU
2021-11-15 22:01:28 +01:00
<img src="./static/graphics/cpu.png" width=40%/>
<img src="./static/graphics/processor.gif" width=40%/>
Note:
2021-11-15 14:01:58 +01:00
Viktigste biten. Gjør alle beregningene.
Består av 3 biter, kontrollenhet, minneenhet, ALU
Kjører raskt, gHz
Har et visst sett med ting den kan gjøre, kalt et instruksjonssett.
Setter du disse på rad, så har du et program.
2021-11-15 22:01:28 +01:00
----
2021-11-22 00:12:51 +01:00
### Fetch-Decode-Execute Cycle
<table style="font-size: 0.8em;" width="80%">
<tr>
<td>
<div class="fde-table-item bak-blue">FETCH</div>
</td>
<td>
<ul>
<li>Henter neste instruksjon</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="fragment" data-fragment-index="1">
<td>
<div class="fde-table-item bak-yellow">DECODE</div>
</td>
<td>
<ul>
<li>Dekoder instruksjonen</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="fragment" data-fragment-index="2">
<td>
<div class="fde-table-item bak-red">EXECUTE</div>
</td>
<td>
<ul>
<li>Henter verdier fra minnet</li>
<li>Utfører instruksjonen</li>
<li>Skriver svaret tilbake i minnet</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div class="fragment" data-fragment-index="3" style="padding: 0 20%; font-size: 1.5em">
```python
>>> x += y
```
</div>
----
### Pipelining
<div class="fde-grid">
<span class="fde-item bak-blue">FE</span>
<span data-fragment-index="1" class="fragment bak-yellow">DE</span>
<span data-fragment-index="3" class="fragment bak-red">EX</span>
<span data-fragment-index="2" class="fragment fde-r2 fde-c2 bak-blue">FE</span>
<span data-fragment-index="4" class="fragment fde-r2 fde-c3 bak-yellow">DE</span>
<span data-fragment-index="6" class="fragment fde-r2 fde-c4 bak-red">EX</span>
<span data-fragment-index="5" class="fragment fde-r3 fde-c3 bak-blue">FE</span>
<span data-fragment-index="6" class="fragment fde-r3 fde-c4 bak-yellow">DE</span>
<span data-fragment-index="6" class="fragment fde-r3 fde-c5 bak-red">EX</span>
<span data-fragment-index="6" class="fragment fde-r4 fde-c4 bak-blue">FE</span>
<span data-fragment-index="6" class="fragment fde-r4 fde-c5 bak-yellow">DE</span>
<span data-fragment-index="6" class="fragment fde-r4 fde-c6 bak-red">EX</span>
<span data-fragment-index="6" class="fragment fde-r5 fde-c5 bak-blue">FE</span>
<span data-fragment-index="6" class="fragment fde-r5 fde-c6 bak-yellow">DE</span>
<span data-fragment-index="6" class="fragment fde-r5 fde-c7 bak-red">EX</span>
<span data-fragment-index="6" class="fragment fde-r6 fde-c6 bak-blue">FE</span>
<span data-fragment-index="6" class="fragment fde-r6 fde-c7 bak-yellow">DE</span>
<span data-fragment-index="6" class="fragment fde-r6 fde-c8 bak-red">EX</span>
</div>
2021-11-15 14:01:58 +01:00
2021-11-15 22:01:28 +01:00
Note:
2021-11-15 14:01:58 +01:00
*5 steg* hver gang den skal kjøre en instruksjon
PC - program counter
Branching - hopp til andre steder/loop
Kjører en instruksjon for hver klokkesykel, men gjør flere steg samtidig. Verdt å merke seg.
---
## Minne
2021-11-15 22:01:28 +01:00
<div class="columns" style="font-size: 0.6em;">
<div>
<h3>Primary</h3>
- Volatile
- Random Access
<img src="./static/graphics/ram.png" width=80% />
</div>
<div>
<h3>Secondary</h3>
- Nonvolatile
- Sequential Access?
2021-11-22 00:12:51 +01:00
<img src="./static/graphics/storage_combined.svg" width=60% />
2021-11-15 22:01:28 +01:00
</div>
</div>
Note:
2021-11-15 14:01:58 +01:00
Primær - RAM
tilfeldig access - kan nå hvor som helst øyeblikkelig
volatilt - uten strøm så forsvinner dataen.
Sekundær - Harddisk
Tregt - cd som spinner
Sekvensiell aksess - Må lete for å lese på riktig sted.
ikke volatilt - holder på data uten strøm
SSD - Nesten random access, ligner på ram, men er ikke volatil
CD, DVD, Ekstern harddisk, USB, osv.
2021-11-15 22:01:28 +01:00
---
2021-11-15 14:01:58 +01:00
2021-11-15 22:01:28 +01:00
# Digital Representasjon
2021-11-15 14:01:58 +01:00
---
2021-11-15 22:01:28 +01:00
## Analog/Digital
2021-11-15 14:01:58 +01:00
2021-11-15 22:01:28 +01:00
<div class="columns">
<div>
<img src="./static/graphics/sound-points-white.svg" width=100%/>
</div>
<div class="column">
- ADC - inn på computeren
- DAC - ut fra computeren
</div>
</div>
Note:
2021-11-15 14:01:58 +01:00
Analog kan du måle bortimot så nøyaktig du vil
Digital har et visst sett med 0 og 1
2021-11-15 22:01:28 +01:00
---
2021-11-15 14:01:58 +01:00
2021-11-15 22:01:28 +01:00
## Piksler
2021-11-15 14:01:58 +01:00
2021-11-15 22:01:28 +01:00
<div class="columns">
<div class="column">
<img src="./static/graphics/subpixel.svg" width=30%/>
</div>
<div class="column">
<img src="./static/graphics/e.jpg" width=100%/>
</div>
</div>
2021-11-15 14:01:58 +01:00
2021-11-15 22:01:28 +01:00
Note:
2021-11-15 14:01:58 +01:00
Piksler er en måte å representere bilder
En piksel er en liten bit av bildet, med en farge.
Ofte tilsvarer 1 piksel 1 LED på skjermen
Den fargen er representert som en sammensetning av 3 farger
Pleier ofte å være RGB
----
2021-11-15 22:01:28 +01:00
<h3>
<span class="rgb-red">R</div><span class="rgb-gre">G</div><span class="rgb-blu">B</div>
<span style="width: 10%; display: inline-block;"/>
<img style="vertical-align:middle;" src="./static/graphics/subpixel.svg" width=40%/>
</h3>
Hver verdi er mellom 0 og 255
Kan derfor representeres som et hexadecimal med 6 tegn
<div class="replacable-fragment" style="font-size: 0.8em;">
2021-11-22 00:12:51 +01:00
<div class="fragment fade-out" data-fragment-index="1">
2021-11-15 14:01:58 +01:00
2021-11-15 22:01:28 +01:00
| Farge | <span class="rgb-red">Rød</span> | <span class="rgb-gre">Grønn</span> | <span class="rgb-blu">Blå</span> |
2021-11-15 14:01:58 +01:00
|--------------------------------------|---------------|---------------|---------------|
| <span class="rgb-pvv">#283681</span> | 28\\(_{16}\\) | 36\\(_{16}\\) | 81\\(_{16}\\) |
| <span class="rgb-red">#FF0000</span> | FF\\(_{16}\\) | 00\\(_{16}\\) | 00\\(_{16}\\) |
| <span class="rgb-cof">#C0FFEE</span> | C0\\(_{16}\\) | FF\\(_{16}\\) | EE\\(_{16}\\) |
| <span class="rgb-whi">#FFFFFF</span> | FF\\(_{16}\\) | FF\\(_{16}\\) | FF\\(_{16}\\) |
| <span class="rgb-bla">#000000</span> | 00\\(_{16}\\) | 00\\(_{16}\\) | 00\\(_{16}\\) |
2021-11-22 00:12:51 +01:00
</div>
<div class="fragment fade-in" data-fragment-index="1">
2021-11-15 14:01:58 +01:00
2021-11-15 22:01:28 +01:00
| Farge | <span class="rgb-red">Rød</span> | <span class="rgb-gre">Grønn</span> | <span class="rgb-blu">Blå</span> |
2021-11-15 14:01:58 +01:00
|--------------------------------------|----------------|----------------|----------------|
| <span class="rgb-pvv">#283681</span> | \\(40_{10}\\) | \\(54_{10}\\) | \\(129_{10}\\) |
| <span class="rgb-red">#FF0000</span> | \\(255_{10}\\) | \\(0_{10}\\) | \\(0_{10}\\) |
| <span class="rgb-cof">#C0FFEE</span> | \\(192_{10}\\) | \\(255_{10}\\) | \\(238_{10}\\) |
| <span class="rgb-whi">#FFFFFF</span> | \\(255_{10}\\) | \\(255_{10}\\) | \\(255_{10}\\) |
2021-11-15 22:01:28 +01:00
| <span class="rgb-bla">#000000</span> | \\(0_{10}\\) | \\(0_{10}\\) | \\(0_{10}\\) |
2021-11-15 14:01:58 +01:00
2021-11-22 00:12:51 +01:00
</div>
2021-11-15 14:01:58 +01:00
</div>
Note:
Regn ut 1920x1080 x 24 bits
---
2021-11-15 22:01:28 +01:00
## Lyd
<div class="columns">
<div class="column">
<img src="./static/graphics/sound-points-white.svg" width=100%/>
</div>
<div class="column">
- Bør være dobbelt så ofte som høyeste frekvensen
- Bitdybde (16 bit er standard)
</div>
</div>
\\[ 16\ bits \cdot 44100\ Hz \cdot (3 \cdot 60)s \cdot 2\ kanaler \\]
2021-11-17 02:16:07 +01:00
Note:
2021-11-22 00:12:51 +01:00
tegn en bølge på tavlen, og vis frekvensen
2021-11-17 02:16:07 +01:00
2021-11-15 22:01:28 +01:00
---
## Encoding og Komprimering
2021-11-17 02:16:07 +01:00
- "Hvordan tolke dataen"
2021-11-15 22:01:28 +01:00
- Lossless vs lossy
Note:
Alt er 1 og 0, men det kan tolkes på forskjellige måter.
Grunnen til at de ofte diskuteres sammen
----
### Eksempel på komprimering
\\[ AAAAAAABBBBAAAAABB \\]
\\[ A6B4A5B2 \\] <!-- .element: class="fragment" data-fragment-index="1" -->
2021-11-17 02:16:07 +01:00
Note:
Rart for tekst, men gir mening for bilder -> Runlength encoding
2021-11-15 22:01:28 +01:00
----
### Eksempel på lossy komprimering
Dette er en eksempelsetning.
Dte e en eksmplstnig <!-- .element: class="fragment" data-fragment-index="1" -->
Note:
ikke vanlig for tekst, men akseptabelt for video/lyd/bilde
2021-11-17 02:16:07 +01:00
Gjøres ofte på tjenester som messenger.
2021-11-15 22:01:28 +01:00
---
2021-11-15 14:01:58 +01:00
# Algoritmer
2021-11-15 22:01:28 +01:00
2021-11-17 02:16:07 +01:00
Note:
Beskriver stegvis og nøyaktig hvordan man løser et problem
Uten tolkning
Pseudokode
2021-11-15 22:01:28 +01:00
----
2021-11-17 02:16:07 +01:00
(Eksempel på pseudokode)
2021-11-15 22:01:28 +01:00
---
## Kompleksitet
2021-11-22 00:12:51 +01:00
<table width="100%">
2021-11-17 02:16:07 +01:00
<tr>
<td>
\\[ \mathcal{O}(1) \\]
</td>
<td>
```python
def f(lst):
print('Hi!')
```
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
\\[ \mathcal{O}(n) \\]
</td>
<td>
```python
def f(lst):
for item in lst:
print(item)
```
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
\\[ \mathcal{O}(n^2) \\]
</td>
<td>
```python
def f(lst):
for item in lst:
for itemOnceMore in lst:
print(item, itemOnceMore)
```
</td>
</tr>
</table>
Note:
brukes mer om dere skal programmere mye
----
Sorteringsalgortimer:
- Bubble sort: \\(\mathcal{O}(n^2)\\)
- Merge sort : \\(\mathcal{O}(n\ log\ n)\\)
2021-11-15 22:01:28 +01:00
---
2021-11-15 14:01:58 +01:00
# Nettverk
2021-11-15 22:01:28 +01:00
---
## Internett
- Hva er det
----
### Historie
2021-11-17 02:16:07 +01:00
- ARPAnet
Note:
Sponset av Dep. of defense, USA
Kjellermaskiner, matte
Ble ikke brukt aktivt hele tiden
Overføre instruksjoner
Maksimal utnyttelse
Flere universiteter koblet seg på
Ikke veldig planlagt
2021-11-15 22:01:28 +01:00
---
2021-11-17 02:16:07 +01:00
### 5 lags modellen
2021-11-22 00:12:51 +01:00
<div class="columns">
<div>
<img src="./static/graphics/network-layers/network-stack.svg" width=40%/>
</div>
<div class="r-stack">
<img src="./static/graphics/network-layers/5/packet.svg" class="fragment fade-out" data-fragment-index="0" width=20%/>
<img src="./static/graphics/network-layers/4/packet.svg" class="fragment current-visible" data-fragment-index="0" width=30%/>
<img src="./static/graphics/network-layers/3/packet.svg" class="fragment current-visible" data-fragment-index="1" width=40%/>
<img src="./static/graphics/network-layers/2/packet.svg" class="fragment current-visible" data-fragment-index="2" width=50%/>
<img src="./static/graphics/network-layers/1/packet.svg" class="fragment current-visible" data-fragment-index="3" width=60%/>
</div>
</div>
2021-11-17 02:16:07 +01:00
Note:
pakker
pakket inn i hverandre
2021-11-22 00:12:51 +01:00
Skal se litt på hva punktumene faktisk er
2021-11-17 02:16:07 +01:00
----
2021-11-22 00:12:51 +01:00
<img src="./static/graphics/network-layers/1/title.svg" width="20%"/>
<br>
<img src="./static/graphics/network-layers/1/computer-diagram.svg"/>
2021-11-17 02:16:07 +01:00
Note:
Medium for kommunikasjon mellom 2 eller flere endrepunkter
----
2021-11-22 00:12:51 +01:00
<div class="columns">
<div>
<img src="./static/graphics/network-layers/2/title.svg" width="40%"/>
</div>
<div>
<img src="./static/graphics/network-layers/1/computer-diagram.svg" class="prev-netdiagram" width="30%"/>
</div>
</div>
<br>
<img src="./static/graphics/network-layers/2/computer-diagram.svg"/>
2021-11-17 02:16:07 +01:00
Note:
Etablert: Kommunikasjonsmedium
Stabil overføring, og kontakt med andre ender
----
2021-11-22 00:12:51 +01:00
<div class="columns">
<div>
<img src="./static/graphics/network-layers/3/title.svg" width="40%"/>
</div>
<div>
<img src="./static/graphics/network-layers/2/computer-diagram.svg" class="prev-netdiagram" width="30%"/>
</div>
</div>
<br>
<img src="./static/graphics/network-layers/3/computer-diagram.svg"/>
2021-11-17 02:16:07 +01:00
Note:
Etablert: Flere computere er koblet sammen
Kommunikasjon gjennom flere computere.
Oppfører seg litt som postkontorer
2021-11-22 00:12:51 +01:00
Hop count
2021-11-17 02:16:07 +01:00
----
2021-11-22 00:12:51 +01:00
<div class="columns">
<div>
<img src="./static/graphics/network-layers/4/title.svg" width="40%"/>
</div>
<div>
<img src="./static/graphics/network-layers/3/computer-diagram.svg" class="prev-netdiagram" width="30%"/>
</div>
</div>
<br>
<img src="./static/graphics/network-layers/4/computer-diagram.svg" width="60%"/>
2021-11-17 02:16:07 +01:00
Note:
Etablert: Link over mange computere.
Stabil og sikker kommunikasjon til tross for forsvunnede pakker,
2021-11-22 00:12:51 +01:00
TODO: move hop count from Transport layer to network layer
2021-11-17 02:16:07 +01:00
----
2021-11-22 00:12:51 +01:00
<div class="columns">
<div>
<img src="./static/graphics/network-layers/5/title.svg" width="40%"/>
</div>
<div>
<img src="./static/graphics/network-layers/4/computer-diagram.svg" class="prev-netdiagram" width="40%"/>
</div>
</div>
<br>
2021-11-18 00:04:33 +01:00
2021-11-22 00:12:51 +01:00
<img src="./static/graphics/network-layers/5/computer-diagram.svg" width="55%"/>
Note:
2021-11-17 02:16:07 +01:00
Etablert: Stabil og sikker kommunikasjon.
Applikasjonsspesifikk data.
---
2021-11-22 00:12:51 +01:00
### MAC-Addresse
`B6-4B-8F-B4-05-E5`
<!-- TODO: Fix -->
<img class="right-corner-logo" src="./static/graphics/network-layers/2/title.svg">
---
# IP
### IPv4
`ddd.ddd.ddd.ddd`
`(bbbbbbbb.bbbbbbbb.bbbbbbbb.bbbbbbbb)`
### IPv6
`xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx`
Note:
Navn på pcene
----
### Submaske
`255.255.255.128`
`(11111111.11111111.11111111.10000000)`
`192.168.0.128`<span class="red">`/25`</span>
Note:
Den siste er ikke veldig nyttig, men om man skal sette opp ruter
----
NAT
---
### DNS
NTNU: <a href="https://129.241.160.102/">129.241.160.102</a>
---
TCP
2021-11-17 02:16:07 +01:00
2021-11-22 00:12:51 +01:00
----
UDP
---
VPN
---
2021-11-15 22:01:28 +01:00
2021-11-15 14:01:58 +01:00
# Programvareutvikling
2021-11-15 22:01:28 +01:00
2021-11-18 00:04:33 +01:00
---
Note:
Løs tidligere eksamener
2021-11-15 22:01:28 +01:00
2021-11-18 00:04:33 +01:00
Crash course
2021-11-15 22:01:28 +01:00